Juvenile Delinquency Essays -- Youth Crime essays research papers

Adolescent Delinquency There is no uncertainty that different specialists can give us numerous speculations with respect to the reasons for adolescent misconduct, including one's monetary foundation, substance misuse, reprobate friend gatherings, rehashed presentation to brutality, expanded accessibility of guns and media viciousness. Be that as it may, I feel that the main source of adolescent wrongdoing is the breakdown of families, including absence of parental power over youngsters. It is unexpected in America, today, one must have a driver's permit to work a vehicle, a grant to claim a weapon and even a permit to possess a canine, yet one doesn't must have preparing or a permit so as to turn into a parent. Without particular instructive projects in youngster advancement and child rearing, a significant number of our future guardians won't get an opportunity at turning out to be effective guardians and more terrible, yet, numerous guardians today are as of now adding to the ever-expanding issue of adol escent misconduct basically by not realizing that how will generally be guardians. Being a parent is a long lasting duty and unexperienced parents must pick up child rearing abilities quickly; they don't have the advantage of temporary positions and intermittently, botches in child rearing will effectsly affect the youngster. There are numerous purposes behind the far reaching emergency in families today. The following are a portion of those causes: Changes in the Social Environment - there have been numerous adjustments in our social condition in the course of the last a quarter century. These progressions have made a hazardous domain for the present youth. Kids and adolescents invest more energy with peer bunches than any other time in recent memory. Medications and destructive weapons are utilized progressively as approaches to take care of issues. Illegal and unequivocal sexuality and savagery are the principle subjects of decision in the media; and the effect of media impact has extended and turn out to be increasingly clear with the presentation of PCs, computer games, versatile sound systems and MTV. Changes in Family Structure and Functioning - The commonness of separation and the expanding number of ladies in the work environment have diminished the quantity of grown-ups who give collaboration, structure and management in a youngster's life. Alongside this, establishments have not saved pace in giving elective projects to solo children. Add to this new child rearing desires that accompany single parent and step-parent families and you presently have a befuddling, frequently conflicting or potentially inconsistent command post for youngsters. Disarray... ... Reference Page 1. Kortege, Carglyn. Parenthood Training Promoted. The Register Guard. Des Moines, IA www.os/c.org/InTheNews/parenthood 2. Kid Abuse Prevention Network, Moral Development and Boys, James Garbarino, PH.D www.child.cornell.edu/npr.violentboys 3. Conseur, Amy, Rivera, Frederick P., Baronski, Robert and Irvin, Emanuel, Maternal and Perinatal Risk Factors for Later Delinquency. Pediatrics, June, 1997, v. 99, p 785 (6) 4. Berg, Stacie Zoe, High Praise For Strict Parenting, Insight on the News, Sept. 1, 1997, v 13, n 32, p. 43 (1) 5. Encarta Online Deluxe, Juvenile Crime www.encarta.msn.com/encart 6. Choices For Parents Who Have Lost Control www.fbcbaytown.org/guardians 7. Boostrom, Ron, Suffering Issues in Criminology - Opposing Viewpoints, Greenhaven Press, Inc., P.O. Box 289009, San Diego, CA 92198-9009, p. 121-125, 173-174, 180 8. MacKenzie, D.L. 1997, Criminal Justice and Crime Prevention. In Preventing Crime: What Works, What Doesn't, What Looks Promising (A Report to the United States Congress), eds. L.W. Sherman, D. Gottfredson, D.MacKenzie, J. Eck, P. Reuter and S. Bushway, Washington, D.C. - National Institute of Justice

Global Warming Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

An unnatural weather change - Research Paper Example Green house gases trap heat in the climate and this causes an expansion in temperature on the earth surface, these gases incorporate carbon dioxide, an increment in carbon dioxide noticeable all around has fundamentally be contributed by human exercises, expresses this incorporate carbon discharges via vehicles and force plants, power plants that use coal to create power have to a great extent added to an increment in carbon dioxide in the environment (Houghton 14). The utilization of inside ignition motors to run vehicles has additionally added to the expansion in the increment in carbon dioxide, over 30% of carbon dioxide emanation in the US is from vehicles. More terrible impacts are brought about by traffic blockage that outcomes into superfluous burning of fuel (EPA 5). Nitrous oxide is green house gas that is created via vehicles and nitric corrosive items delivered, this item is likewise a significant patron of a dangerous atmospheric devation. He likewise expresses that water fume is viewed as a green house gas, the expansion in water fume in the environment is generally added to the nearness of carbon dioxide in the air, as temperatures increment more water is disintegrated and this outcomes into an expansion in heat caught in the earth’s climate (Philander 15). Deforestation is likewise considered to have added to an unnatural weather change, human monetary exercises, for example, timber creation and agribusiness add to the decrease of backwoods spread on the earth surface, when this happens the measure of carbon dioxide in the air decreases in two different ways, one of the manners by which deforestation add to an expansion in carbon dioxide is that the disintegrating carbon material increment the measure of carbon dioxide in the climate and second trees use carbon dioxide to make their food alluded to as photosynthesis which diminish carbon levels in the air and a decrease in the

How to Write a College Essay on Your Own Merits

How to Write a College Essay on Your Own MeritsHow to write a college essay on your own merits has always been a challenge. Despite the countless hundreds of essay topics you could try, you have yet to come up with a clear cut guide on how to create a great essay.The first problem you will face is trying to put yourself in the perspective of others when writing your own essay. Since there are so many people looking to write a college essay about themselves, you might feel like you're a very special and unique person.Sure, you know all of these people, but you know them as friends and family. You might feel like you're being judged by the entire world based on your experiences with these people. If you find this problem too much, then perhaps you should try finding a different essay topic altogether.So how do you tackle this issue when you're on how to write a college essay on your own merits? The best approach is to use the simplest approach possible. This means focusing on what you believe about yourself and what you have accomplished.It's true that no one can know what you know better than you do. You've done your own homework, and you know what you've accomplished. The best approach here is to start from there and use it to form the backbone of your essay.You're going to have to be careful though about picking a topic that is too generalization. Unless you're going to tell everyone that you were just a cheerleader at your school. Chances are if your essay topic is on yourself, people already know about your life. This might make your own life seem like less of an accomplishment.You might want to get a little more creative with how you present your personal experience to the reader. While the general idea is to talk about yourself, why not talk about other people as well? Your background and education level are much more interesting to people who know you better than if you simply gave a summary of your life.In conclusion, how to write a college essay on your own merits can be a bit of a challenge. You need to avoid drawing attention to your own life too much, and talk about the accomplishments of others. It may seem to be a bit more of a challenge than you had initially expected, but if you keep a positive attitude, it shouldn't be too difficult.

The Student Loan Market Is A Growing Component Of The U.s....

The student loan market is a growing component of the U.S. economy. Student loans are the second largest source of household debt. Assisting borrowers with the loan repayment process, like finding the right repayment plan and avoiding default, is an essential component of preventing further drag on the economy. Further, illuminating practices unfriendly to consumers and improving student loan servicing can potentially decrease the default rate and expedite the repayment process. To end these practices, we recommend that the CFPB use its authority to promulgate regulations and implement new student loan servicing protections for borrowers in the following ways: 1. Require student loan servicers to do their part to counsel borrowers about their repayment options using consistent, industry-wide policies 2. Require servicers to send emails to borrowers recapping each interaction or transaction 3. Require student loan servicers to follow borrowers’ payment instructions 4. Issue guidance for student loan servicers to follow when performing account transfers Many borrowers try their best to repay their student loans but encounter unfair policies designed to extend their repayment periods. In April, we conducted an online survey to explore the â€Å"borrower experience† during repayment. We learned that borrowers are doing all or the right things: they borrowed money to get an education necessary to open doors to opportunities. When they entered repayment, however, the frustration,Show MoreRelatedThe Duration Of Unemployment As Provided By The Bureau Of Labor Statistics1704 Words   |  7 Pagessignificantly to 33.7 (BLS 2015). The average hours in 2006 before the Great Recession were also around 34.5 hours, so I would say the labor market has done a good job recovering from the recession (BLS 2015). Even two years ago it seems that we had not fully recovered, when the average weekly hours worked hovered around 34.4 (BLS 2015). Interest Rate Prime Rate The current U.S. prime rate is 3.25%. One of the most commonly used estimates of the prime rate is the Wall Street Journal prime rate. Many organizationsRead MoreMau Lo Business Expansion1569 Words   |  7 Pagestarget more established businesses. Younger entrepreneurs find it extremely difficult to find the kind of support to truly launch a viable business concept. Mau Loa, LLC Mau Loa, LLC needs to raise business capital to expand its brand into other markets. For expansion efforts to be successful, Mau Loa needs funding totaling $10,000+. I am an eighteen year old, without established credit, running a business that is grossing under a $2,500 in revenue. I need to secure traditional or non-traditionalRead MoreAmericas Changing Fringe Economy2058 Words   |  9 PagesPart I: Chapter 1: America’s Changing Fringe Economy In Chapter 1 it goes into depth with a multiple definitions of the fringe economy and how profitable the fringe economy is. This chapter also provides information pertaining the involvement of mainstream financial institutions that would have been guessed. It talks about how 22,000 payday lenders extended more than $25 billion in short-term loans to millions of struggling households in 2004. Also it went over how 11,000 check-cashing stores aloneRead MoreBaby Boomers And Baby Boomers1257 Words   |  6 Pagesin society and culture between when the baby boomers were born (1946-1964) and when the millennials were born (1981-1996). There are many factors that have influenced and molded each of these two generations such as technology, trends, debt and economy. Who exactly are millennials and baby boomers? What I know emphatically is that they both have strong opinions of one another. The Baby Boomers were promised the American Dream; they worked hard and are perceived as greedy and ambitious. Baby BoomersRead MoreTime Value Of Money Essay1875 Words   |  8 Pagesinvested and earn interest as the year elapses. 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Finally, more and more firms realize that tomorrow’s markets willRead MoreCurrency War Between China and Usa and Its Global Impacts on Economy8892 Words   |  36 PagesCurrency war between China and USA and its global impacts on economy. Currency War: Currency war, also known as competitive devaluation, is a condition in international affairs where countries compete against each other to achieve a relatively low exchange rate for their own currency. As the price to buy a particular currency falls so too does the real price of exports from the country. Imports become more expensive too, so domestic industry, and thus employment, receives a boost in demandRead MoreThe Apollo Group (University of Phoenix) Case Study #45 Essay2627 Words   |  11 Pages45 in several sections. The components of this paper are five-fold: †¢ To plan strategically for domestic and global environments †¢ Create organizational value †¢ Employ high-performing business management techniques †¢ Solve problems within professional standards †¢ Use appropriate financial models and principles to support The University of Phoenix has emerged as one of the largest colleges of adult higher education learning. It continues to expand its market, often reaching areas thatRead MoreThailand Economic Analysis Essay6406 Words   |  26 PagesI. INTRODUCTION Thailands economy is defined by more than a decade of continuous and rapid economic growth starting in 1985, followed by a brutal recession that started near the end of 1997. During the boom years, economic growth averaged more than 7 percent annually, one of the highest rates in the world. Many different factors added to the rapid growth of Thailands economy; low wages, policy reforms that opened the economy more to trade, and careful economic management resulted in low inflationRead MoreE-Trade Marketing Plan3050 Words   |  12 Pagesand Money Market, and despite the banking services that E-trade offers for its customers, the company has not yet offered banking service to all categories of people in the United States. E-trade banking service only focuses on adult population in the United States, and the company has not yet introduced a banking service to students in the United States. To assist E-Trade bank to enjoy the full benefits of the banking system, the study suggests that E-trade bank should implement the student banking

The Rubber Industry Affecting La Crosse - 1168 Words

Description: The boots belongs to my dad who bought them when the Mill was still in La Crosse. Rubber boots manufactured by the old La Crosse Rubber Mill allows us to learn about the behavior of Wisconsinites in the pass and how its affect La Crosse locally and statewide. The Rubber Industry Shaping La Crosse The La Crosse rubber mills were founded in 1897 on the north side of La Crosse called Indian Hill at the time. The decision to set headquarters in La Crosse was not a random act by the owners at all; in fact the location of La Crosse had many advantages that helped the Rubber Mills become one of most successful industries in the area. The multiple transportation options like railroads and the river were a big factor. During this time period many rubber mills were located in the eastern states. The La Crosse location was strategically selected to be in the Midwest, which allowed them to market their products to western states due to the fact they were the most westerly rubber mill at the time, yet still close enough for eastern states as well. The La Crosse Rubber Mill’s played a big part in creating La Crosse as it is today with its success and influence. In just a short period of time the mill had become one of La Crosse’s biggest employers, peaking at sales of $108.3 million in 1994. Having a successful company reside in your town meant more opportunity for your town to grow from the increasing population. Today we can still see the where the factories onceShow MoreRelatedCountry Risk Analysis of Nigeria8877 Words   |  36 PagesInflation: 5.5%. Unemployment: 4.9%. Arable land: 33%. Agriculture: cocoa, peanuts, palm oil, corn, rice, sorghum, millet, cassava (tapioca), yams, rubber; cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; timber; fish. Labor force: 50.13 million; agriculture 70%, industry 10%, services 20% (1999 est.). Industries: crude oil, coal, tin, columbite; palm oil, peanuts, cotton, rubber, wood; hides and skins, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food products, footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, steelRead MoreLgbt19540 Words   |  79 Pages(STRAP, last photo above): â€Å"People should be aware that there’s beauty and strength in the community should they only heed the voice of the transgenders, should th ey only open their eyes.† â€Å"In all continents of the world, transpeople have their own crosses to bear in terms of state and non-state actors restricting their freedoms and impacting the quality of their lives as human beings and citizens of their countries,† Fontanos said. And as stressed by Rica Paras, STRAP president, â€Å"transgenders globallyRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesorganizations— is the key determinant of organizational success. These studies have been conducted across numerous industry sectors, international settings, and organization types. The research findings now make it almost unquestionable that if organizations want to succeed, they must have competent, skillful managers. For example, in one study of 968 firms, representing all major industries in the United States, organizations whose managers effectively managed their people—that is, they implemented effectiveRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesUniversity Jodi Goodman, University of Connecticut Claude Graeff, Illinois State University Richard Grover, University of Southern Maine W. Lee Grubb III, East Carolina Universit y John Guarino, Averett University Rebecca Guidice, University of Nevada at Las Vegas Andra Gumbus, Sacred Heart University Linda Hackleman, Concordia University Austin Deniz Hackner, Tidewater Community College Michael Hadani, Long Island University Jonathon Halbesleben, University of Missouri-Columbia Dan Hallock, University

Evaluate the effectiveness of approaches to teaching and...

Evaluate the effectiveness of approaches to teaching and learning strategies in your subject area in meeting the needs of learners. Your response should include an examination of how these could be improved or enhanced and how college management could be involved in making such improvements / enhancements? For my class it is vital to identify the most appropriate level of the course for the learner. Also, the students should know what exceptions and the regulations they need to follow. For that the college could train staff to present the high quality initial assessment and induction to ensure the management of the class is of high standard. I need to make sure students with different learning styles; visual, aural,†¦show more content†¦I make sure the learners received high quality induction information about the inclusive strategies and I will discuss with college about the reasonable adjustments that should be made for the disabled students within my class, at College or while they are on school trip; for example for their health and safety arrangements in a work placement. If any support teachers or guest lecturers are delivering my scientific sessions I willShow MoreRelatedDtlls - Teaching in a Specialist Subject2476 Words   |  10 PagesDanielle Watts 24 February 2012 Teaching in a Specialist Subject * Summarise key aims of education and training within your own specialist area. * Review and discuss the key philosophical issues associated with these. * Summarise key qualifications in your specialist area, and their structure. Outline your approach to the planning and preparation of a course within your specialism and justify how this meets the aims. * Discuss how well your approach to planning and preparationRead MoreHealth Care Management13705 Words   |  55 PagesATHE Level 7 Qualifications in Healthcare Management ATHE Level 7 Award in Programme Leadership (QCF) ATHE Level 7 Award in Sustainable Business Strategy (QCF) ATHE Level 7 Certificate in Developing Organisational Vision and Strategic Direction (QCF) ATHE Level 7 Certificate in Manage Continuous Organisation Improvement (QCF) ATHE Level 7 Certificate in Research for Senior Managers (QCF) ATHE Level 7 Certificate in Healthcare Management (QCF) ATHE Level 7 Diploma in Healthcare Management (QCF) Read MoreApplication Of Theories, Principles And Models Of Reflective Practice3309 Words   |  14 Pageshave a brief overview of the target subject. Continuing Personal and Professional Development (CPPD) refers to the development of an individual in their professional work life. In essence it can be compared to a journey, with a point of origin and an end point, within which there a number paths and targets along the journey with a variety of career choices. In order to improve our own practice as a teacher, and professional in a teaching organisation working with your peers and others, it is vital toRead MoreUnit 009 Understanding Inclusive Learning and Teaching in Lifelong Learning4591 Words   |  19 PagesAssessment No: _______________________________________________ Learner name: Kerri McCann____________________________________ Enrolment number: ____________________________ Date issued: 17/09/2012___________________________________ Date submitted: 12/11/2012____________________________________ I confirm that the evidence for this unit is authentic and a true representation of my own work. 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Financial Plan Preparation

Question: Describe about the financial plan preparation. Answer: Recommendation of asset allocation Client 1: Darren Balanced fund 70% growth Asset Asset allocation Recommendation Variances cash 5 % 6 % 1 % fixed interest 15 % 34 % 1 9% equity 10 % 13 % 3 % property 10 % 13 % 3 % Superannuation 10 % 4 % - 6 % - Medi Super 20 % 10 % - 10 % - Market Super 10 % 10 % 0 - Casual Super Plus 10% 10% 0 - Informer Super 10% 0% - 10% Total 100% 100% 0% Balanced FundClient 2: Danielle Gearing portfolio 35 % defensive or less volatile Asset Asset allocation Recommendation Variances cash 2.0 % 1.0 % -1 % fixed interest 8.0 % 6.0 % - 2 % equity 13.0 % 18.0 % - 5 % property 10 % 7.0 % - 3 % Superannuation 32.0 % 36.0 % 4 % - Medi Super 5.0 % 7.0 % 2 % - Market Super 10 % 5.0 % 5 % - Casual Super Plus 10 10 0 - Informer Super 10 10 0 Total 100% 100% 0% Gearing PortfolioKey Assumptions Prior to the development of the plan for achieving your objective, we have assured some assumptions that have to be conducted in depth analysis. All these are as follows: The salary of both of yours will rise by implementation of AWOTE (3.5% p.a.); All the general living expenses will be increased by implementation of CPI (2.6% p.a.); The intended retirement age is 60 years for Darren but there is no retirement age for Danielle as she is self-employed; No withdrawal fees from ABC bank; Superannuation earnings tax is 15%; For trauma analysis, medical has been done by Darren for $ 1,00,000 Return Assumptions Investment mix Typical characteristics Cash: deposition of 100% cash in the deposit-taking organizations of the country Australia. Investment amount: $ 150,000 After 5 years, the expected value: $ 135,000 Anticipated return: 6 % Volatility %: (Low) Expected amount of beating: 0 years out of 30 years Conventional: Among the total balance, 20 % of the balance will be provided in form of property and shares () and the remaining will be provided in the form of fixed interest or cash (). Investment amount: $ 150,000 After 5 years, the expected value: $ 147,000 Anticipated return: 7.5 % Volatility %: (Low) Expected amount of beating: 0 years out of 30 years Balanced amount: 70 % of the total balance will be provided in form of property and shares () and the remaining will be provided in the form of fixed interest and/ or cash (). Investment amount: $ 150,000 After 5 years, the expected value: $ 154,000 Anticipated return: 8.5 % Volatility %: (Medium) Expected amount of beating: 4 years out of 20 years Growth amount: 30 % of the total balance is provided in terms of property and shares () and the remaining will be in form of fixed interest and/ or cash (). Investment: $ 150,000 Expected value after 5 years: $ 147,000 Anticipated return: 9 % Volatility %: (High) Expected amount of beating: 4 - 5 years out of 20 years Insurance Need Analysis In discussion with you, we have explored that you mainly put importance regarding securing your childrens future. Therefore, Danielle has made superannuation funds for better future of her children. Under this situation, the insurance cover that suits both of you best is as follows. Before making this insurance we have studied both your present as well as future financial commitments. TPD Insurance/ Life Insurance: For Darren: Particulars Amount Total amount debt required to be paid off $ 887,500.00 Present Mortgage value: $ 387,500.00 Present Loans Amount (e.g. Credit Cards, Personal): $ 500,000.00 One-off costs (e.g. Higher education of children): $ 0.00 Amount of total assets and savings you have $ 1,275,000.00 Present Savings (Total): $ 0.00 Current Assets Values: $ 1075,000.00 Present balance of Superannuation: $ 200,000.00 current income of Yours Your Present Age: 53 Yearly Income (after tax) needed to coat living expenses: $ 90,000.00 No. of years, this income is needed to carry on: 16 Optional: Adjustment of the assumptions if needed Rate of inflation: 2.50% Rate of investment: 3.80% Summarization Life time: $ 942,559.90 Total Repayments of debt $ 887,500.00 Total money required for spending $ 1,330,059.90 - Savings and assets $ 1,275,000.00 For Danielle: Particulars Amount Total amount debt required to be paid off $ 387,500.00 Present Mortgage value: $ 387,500.00 Present Loans Amount (e.g. Credit Cards, Personal): $ 0.00 One-off costs (e.g. Higher education of children): $ 0.00 Amount of total assets and savings you have $ 925,000.00 Present Savings (Total): $ 0.00 Current Assets Values: $ 550,000.00 Present balance of Superannuation: $ 375,000.00 current income of Yours Your Present Age: 47 Yearly Income (after tax) needed to coat living expenses: $ 60,000.00 No. of years, this income is needed to carry on: 16 Optional: Adjustment of the assumptions if needed Rate of inflation: 2.50% Rate of investment: 3.80% Summarization Life time: $ 892,559.90 Total Repayments of debt $ 387,500.00 Total money required for spending $ 1,230,059.90 - Savings and assets $ 925,000.00 Recommendations Recommendation of investment Best investment method In the discussion session, you highlighted that when your both the children will be 18 years old and will start going to university, each of them should get an amount of $50,000 for their further studies. Therefore, we have wished-for investment in both a long run and short run strategy of investment. These strategies will surely help you to meet up your aims. Short run strategy of investment As per our analysis, we can recommend you to invest in the short run strategy of investment that is to put money in the cash investments. The short run investment especially the cash investment will help you to access to the saved money as per your need. Since, you have total earnings of $160000 as remaining portfolio balance; we advise you to invest an amount of $ 100,000 as a cash investment. Long run strategy of investment We have prepared your long run strategy for investment depending upon your objective to develop funds for the period of retirement. We advice you that the gearing portfolio should be 35 %. The long run investment will be broadened across property, shares, cash and fixed interest. The allocation of the assets will mainly highlight on the growth of the investments, along with 35% of your total money allocated property and shares. Your portfolio is apt to move into value both up and down over the short-run, nevertheless we expect to complete stronger returns from medium to long term. Thus, we recommend you to invest money of an amount of $ 100000 in this gearing portfolio that is in 35 % growth fund. Simultaneously, we also recommend you to invest $ 35,000 in the balance fund. Short Run Investment Investment Owner Final balance Regular Investments / withdrawals ($) p.a. Reinvest income Cash Darren and Danielle $ 200,000 - Yes Sum $ 200,000 Long Run investment Investment Owner Final balance Regular Investments / withdrawals ($) pa Reinvest income Gearing portfolio 35 % growth fund Darren and Danielle $ 200000 - Yes Balanced amount Danielle $ 45,000 - Yes Sum $ 155,000

Planned Strategy Essay Example Essay Example

Planned Strategy Essay Example Paper Planned Strategy Essay Introduction Planned strategy involves a centre authority, which formulates their intentions as precisely as possible and then strive for its implementation. To do this, the organisation needs to articulate its intentions in the form of a plan and then elaborate on this strategic plan in as much detail as possible. This is prepared by using measures such as schedules, budgets and forecasts. Planned strategy involves making formation assumptions and then following a strict strategy process approach, with strategic decision making taking place in a number of steps. Ansoff (1965) cited in Harris, Forbes Fletcher (2000) illustrates that strategic decision making takes place in four principle steps. These are the perceptions of the decision need or opportunity, formulation of alternative courses of action, evaluation of the alternatives in relation to their respective contributions and the choice of one or more alternatives. This process illustrates how ‘planned’ planned strategy is. Pla nned strategy is useful in organisations because it breaks down the process into manageable units. The process of setting objectives and goals allows the management to plan and motivate for the future and this also stimulates employee discussion and debates. Furthermore, the control system enables organisations to periodically review progress and understand how closely their internal performance adheres to their strategic goals and intentions (Osborn, 1998). For planned strategy to be implemented successfully, numerous factors need to be considered. The market and organisation environment needs to be predictable so that strategies can be implemented in a steady and rational way. Planned Strategy Essay Body Paragraphs Planned strategy is useful for controllable elements where the processed are incremental and linear. However, in practical terms, this may not be possible in turbulent, dynamic environments. This is one limitation of the planned approach to strategy formation. When an environment is complex and somewhat uncontrollable or unpredictable, a variety of sub-units in the organisation need to able to respond, especially if there is rapid change (Brown Eisenhardt, 1998). In these situations, patterns in the organisation cannot be planned in one central place (Mintzberg Waters, 1985). Today, organisations are faced with numerous fluctuations in the economy and major technological change. As such, development time frames are becoming shorter and shorter and organisations need to constantly update their production processes. Therefore, the planned strategy may become obsolete over the planning period, due to the changes in the external environment. Brown Eisenhardt (1998) believe that planne d strategies fail because they overemphasise the degree to which it is possible to predict which industries, competitors, positions and competences will be viable for what length of time. Furthermore, planned strategies underemphasise the importance and challenge of creating and executing the chosen strategy. Furthermore, planned strategy assumes that a common agreement can be found by all the parties involved in the planning process and it appears to ignore organisational conflicts and politics, or at least assumes they can be easily identified and changed (Burnes, 1996). Theorists have argued that planning is a system on control. This school of thought considers that planned strategy does not relate to a system of thinking, rather as a method of control. It can be seen that planned strategies are implemented in the organisation in a top-down hierarchy structure (Bourlakis Bourlakis, 2001). On the other hand, traditionalist illustrate that organisations that do implement their str ategies in a vertical, top-down process, retain functional stability within their business units and have the potential to improve and expand. Planned strategies are found in organisations that simply extrapolate established patterns in environments that they assume will stay stable. In a previous study by Mintzberg Waters (1982) cited in Mintzberg Waters (1985), It was found that strategies appear not to be conceived in planning processes so much as elaborated from existing visions or copied from industry standards and, therefore, do not constitute a thinking or learning process. According to Mintzberg (1988) planned strategy distorts the process of ‘crafting strategy’ and thereby, misguides the organisations that embrace it unreservedly. Planned and formal strategies can process more hard data and information than in semi-structured planning. However the pitfall to these strategies is that they can never ‘internalise’, ‘comprehend’ or †˜synthesise’ information (Mintzberg, 1994, p. 111). In other words, planned strategy is not learning and evolving. It consists of a rational sequence with a known outcome. Emergent Strategy The approaches to strategic management are undergoing considerable change. There has been a remarkable shift from planned strategies to more flexible contingent approaches, which can emerge from chance events, as well as from cognitive, cultural and political processes. The emergent strategy rejects the planned approach to strategy. It sees strategies as a one-off exercise and more as a continuous process of change and advancement. Emergent strategies seek to align and re-align the organisation in unpredictable and rapidly changing environments. Furthermore, the reality in organisations is that management does not follow along predictive and linear assumptions. Hamel and Prahalad, cited in Davies Ellison (1998, p. 463) state that ‘the predictive horizon is becoming shorter and shor ter. So plans do little more than project the present toward incrementally’. It is important to understand the interacting non-linear influences that actions are affected by in order to formulate effective strategies (Macbeth, 2002). Emergent strategies are most likely to be found in organisations characterised as ‘adhocracies’ or project structures (Shiner, 2001). Changing and complex environments with unique products, incorporating the use of multidisciplinary teams and project work, typify these. Emergent strategies have many advantages in today’s organisational settings. First, it stresses the developing and unpredictable nature of change. It views change as a process that unfolds through the interplay of multiple variables (context, political processes and consultation) within an organisation (Burnes, 1996). Therefore, market structure and demands provide the environment that creates much of the need for emergent strategies. Turbulent, competitive and unpredictable markets, together with innovative products, increase the need for emergent strategies. However, emergent strategies tend to lack the coherence of methods and techniques accumulated by the planned approach to strategy. Emergent strategies also lack the presence of competitive advantage based on core competence. This is due to the strategies constantly changing, with no one major idea. Therefore, organisations cannot exploit or develop particular core competences. Emerging organisational strategies make use of a feedback response mechanism. Therefore, responses from competitors, employees, cross functional groups and internal/external environment all have an impact on the impending strategy formation. However, when organisations implement planned strategies, they often sever the vital feedback link between cross-function and dependent groups. This is means that useful information may not be responded to and as such, potential strategies and processes are unrealised. One example that depicts the development of an emergent strategy in an organisation is Honda Motor Company’s entry into the United States motorcycle industry in 1959. This illustrates how the planned strategy of entering the market with high powered 250cc and 350cc bikes failed, whereas the strategy of selling 50cc machines emerged (Marsden, 1998). This emerged strategy was so successful that in 1964, nearly one out of every two motorcycles sold was a Honda (Marsden, 1998). Emergent strategies represent ideas that have surfaced from organisations interactions with its customers, markets and competitors and may suggest approaches that were not considered during formal planning (Osborn, 1998). Emergent strategies arise from the daily activities of the organisation and, in many cases, represent bottom-up structure. Furthermore, organisations which are employing emergent strategies, resolve their issues horizontally and across functional teams, reiterating their lack of formal contr ol systems and heightened awareness of learning and thinking processes. Emergent strategies give the organisation the chance to self-organise and realise its potential in more advanced strategies, activities and complexities (Fitzgerald, 2002). A focus on emergent strategies changes the traditional relationship between planning and control. Effective control systems can play a central role in identifying problems and matching them with specific strategic solutions, even if both elements surfaced from apparently random fashion within different parts of the networked organisation (Osborn, 1998). Emerging organisational designs are more organised more explicitly around processes than controlled, traditional, and hierarchical structures. Emergent strategy sees that strategy is an open-ending and continuous process. It can be viewed as a process of learning and not just a strategy of changing organisational structures and practices (Burnes, 1996). Purely planned strategy precludes learni ng once the strategy is formulated and beginning to be implemented. Emergent strategy advances and encourages thinking and learning (Mintzberg, 1988). We will write a custom essay sample on Planned Strategy Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Planned Strategy Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Planned Strategy Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Free Essays on Need For Affirmative Action

Affirmative Action Affirmative action was created in an effort to help minorities leap the discriminative barriers that were ever so present when the bill was first enacted, in 1965. At this time, the country was in the wake of nation-wide civil rights demonstrations, and racial tension was at an all time high. White males occupied most of the corporate, executive, and managerial positions that controlled the hiring and firing of employees. The U.S. Government, in 1965, believed that these employers were discriminating against minorities, and believed that there was no better time than the present to bring about change. When the Civil Rights Law passed, minorities believed that they should receive retribution for the earlier years of discrimination they endured. The government responded by passing laws to aid them in attaining better employment and education as reprieve for the previous two hundred years of suffering their race endured at the hands of the white man. This is known today as affirmative a ction. Affirmative action was supposed to be the solution. What originally started out as a good plan would later become a case of reverse discrimination. The affirmative action program consisted of a quota of minority employee’s as well as students that an employer or academic school must employ or admit. By imposing a quota system, doors and opportunities opened to minority workers and students that had previously been closed. Therefore, minorities were given a foot into an otherwise closed door. While the government opened the door, it was up to the individual to succeed on his or her own. A 1995 study conducted by Rutgers professor, Alfred Blumrosen, shows that five million minority workers have better jobs today then they would have had without affirmative action. Since the adoption of these laws, minority enrollment at Ivy League Colleges has risen from one percent to more than five percent. Before the Civil Rights Act of 1964,... Free Essays on Need For Affirmative Action Free Essays on Need For Affirmative Action Affirmative Action Affirmative action was created in an effort to help minorities leap the discriminative barriers that were ever so present when the bill was first enacted, in 1965. At this time, the country was in the wake of nation-wide civil rights demonstrations, and racial tension was at an all time high. White males occupied most of the corporate, executive, and managerial positions that controlled the hiring and firing of employees. The U.S. Government, in 1965, believed that these employers were discriminating against minorities, and believed that there was no better time than the present to bring about change. When the Civil Rights Law passed, minorities believed that they should receive retribution for the earlier years of discrimination they endured. The government responded by passing laws to aid them in attaining better employment and education as reprieve for the previous two hundred years of suffering their race endured at the hands of the white man. This is known today as affirmative a ction. Affirmative action was supposed to be the solution. What originally started out as a good plan would later become a case of reverse discrimination. The affirmative action program consisted of a quota of minority employee’s as well as students that an employer or academic school must employ or admit. By imposing a quota system, doors and opportunities opened to minority workers and students that had previously been closed. Therefore, minorities were given a foot into an otherwise closed door. While the government opened the door, it was up to the individual to succeed on his or her own. A 1995 study conducted by Rutgers professor, Alfred Blumrosen, shows that five million minority workers have better jobs today then they would have had without affirmative action. Since the adoption of these laws, minority enrollment at Ivy League Colleges has risen from one percent to more than five percent. Before the Civil Rights Act of 1964,...

E-Commerce for Government Organizations Term Paper

E-Commerce for Government Organizations - Term Paper Example In addition, security services and solutions frequently established ineffectual results or damaged performance. Therefore, the overall historical documentation of Government information technology plans is away from competence (FIPR, 2011). Moreover, new technology based security solutions like public-key arrangements and digital signatures framework hardly ever offer the advantages declared by their supporters to commerce discipline or the government. On the other hand, more and more people think that innovative technologies will facilitate public control to gather an extraordinary volume of data and information regarding people. In addition, improved competence, safety and exploration effectiveness has too been employed as explanations for the attack over people security and confidentiality. However, in presence of all these dangers the use of e-commerce for the government organizations is rising (FIPR, 2011), (Turban, Leidner, McLean, & Wetherbe, 2005) and (Slyke, Belanger, & Comu nale, 2004). This paper discusses the use of e-commerce for government organizations. The basic aim of this research is to analyze the importance of e-commerce to government organizations as well as problems that may arise and thereafter it will offer possible solutions.Evolution of Governmental E-commerceConventionally, governments have paid attention on supporting e-commerce for the improvement of rules and policies intended to corroborate or control private web based company plans (Blakeley & Matsuura, 2001). Matsuura, 2001). Additionally, this National Framework regarding the governmental services for the ecommerce enables the progress of internationally operating societies those are offering novel prospects for companies to sell abroad to earn foreign exchange. In addition, at the present there are nationwide structures those are offering great corroboration in form of open as well as protected business dealings for the small, medium and large size companies, to do business wit h Governments and other companies. In this scenario, the Governments purchase from thousands of dealers and this national structure will offer a way for customers to access business services as well as valuable products on a single platform all through the nation. Moreover, in both personal and public areas, the utilization of IT tools and applications is minimizing the expenditures as well as improving the performance and quality of B2B dealings. Furthermore, with the arrival of more lucrative and easy to use technologies this procedure has improved to a great extent (Australian Procurement and Construction Council Inc., 2011). Therefore, considering this framework in the United States, the national administration has performed several

Stress Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Stress - Essay Example So, since most employees are used to their normal routines and working conditions, such form of changes leads to a wide range of psychological disturbance and strain that finally adds up to stress (Cambridge Educational , 2005). On the other hand, employees are faced with this menace especially when there are some standards that have been set within the organizational operations. Such standards often require employees to sign the performance contracts such that; they fully commit themselves towards attaining those set goals and objectives in whatever possible means (Cambridge Educational, 2005). Numerous studies indicate that workplace stress happens to be the main cause of stress in life, and has progressively escalated in the past few years Cambridge Educational (Firm) (2005) says that the  increased job stress levels as appraised by the sole discernment of bearing minimal control with lots of upcoming demands have usually been exhibited to be interrelated with enhanced rates of hypertension, heart attack, among other disorders.  It is an extremely personalized occurrence and can widely vary even in the most identical scenarios for various reasons (Cambridge Educational (Firm), 2005). A particular research study showed that completion of paper work is more stressful for several police officers other than the threats associated with dealing with criminals. The job severity sets basis on the enormity of the raised demands and the person’s sense of decision-making or control latitude that one has to deal with them. The Scientific research based on this form authen ticates that employees who perceive the subjection to higher demands but possess minimal control are often at high risks of cardiovascular disease (Cambridge Educational (Firm), 2005). From the practical experience, the source of stress that I witnessed in the

Diagram of Generic Academic Performance Monitoring System Essay Example for Free

Diagram of Generic Academic Performance Monitoring System Essay Figure 2.0: Context Diagram of Generic Academic Performance Monitoring System The figure 2.0 represents the two (2) users of the Generic Academic Performance Monitoring System namely the Administrator and the Professor. The Administrator entity shows the capability to access the system; manage account by modifying account’s profile; managing member’s account such as creating new user profile and updating user profile; importing student list; creation of grade criteria; generating students grade report and updating website contents. The Professor entity shows the capability on accessing the system; managing account profile; importing student list; defining grade template for grading computation and generating student’s grade. Figure 3.0: First Entry Level Data Flow Diagram of Administrator’s Capabilities The figure 3.0 represents the First Entry Level Data Flow Diagram of the Administrator upon successfully logging-in into the Generic Academic Performance Monitoring System. He/she has the capabilities to manage modules such as handling member’s account, importing students list, creation of grade criteria, grade computation and updating website contents Figure 3.1: Second Entry Level Data Flow Diagram on Managing Account for Administrator The figure 3.1 shows the Second Entry Level Data Flow Diagram of the Administrator on managing members account wherein he/she has the capability to create account’s profile for new professor or associate. He/she also capable on updating existing member account. Figure 3.2: Second Entry Level Data Flow Diagram on Import Student List, Create Criteria, Grading and Website Modules for Administrator Figure 3.2 shows the continuation of the Second Entry Level Data Flow Diagram of the Administrator. Upon successfully accessing the system, he/she has the capability to import students list and create criteria template to be use for the student’s grade computations. The Administrator also has the  capibility to change or update website contents from client’s discretion. Figure 4.0: First Entry Level Data Flow Diagram for Professor’s Capabilities In the Figure 4.0 shown above, it represents the First Entry Level Data Flow Diagram of Professor in the Generic Academic Performance Monitoring System. Same with the Administrator user, the Professor also have the capabilities to update own account profile, import student lists and generate student’s grade summary. Figure 4.1: Second Entry Level Data Flow Diagram on Managing Account, Import Student Lists and Compute Grade Modules for Professor Figure 4.1 shown above presents the Second Entry Level Data Flow Diagram of the Professor upon successfully logging-in into the system. Same with the Administrator user, the Professor is also capable on modifying and updating account profile; importing student list; defining grade criteria template and generate grade summary of students.

Causes of the American Revolution :: Essays on American Revolution

During the late seventeen hundreds, many tumultuous events resulted in Colonial opposition to Great Britain. The conditions of rights of the colonists will slowly be changed as the constriction of the parliament becomes more and more intolerable. During the Seven Years' War England was not only alarmed by the colonists' insistence on trading with the enemy, but also with Boston merchants hiring James Otis in order to protest the legality of the writs of assistance (general search warrants) used to hunt out smuggled goods. "let the parliament lay what burthens they please on us, we must, it is our duty to submit and patiently bear them, till they will be pleased to relieve us....". This is a very strong dictum, that in 1764, the colonists were of a submissive nature, and were weakly pleading for self-autonomy. This small fire of anger will become a huge conflagration as the rights are slowly rescinded. On October 19, 1765 the Stamp Act Congress and Parliamentary Taxation committee's passed some laws that attempted to strengthen the grip of the English crown. "I.That his Majesty's subjects in these colonies, owe the same allegiance to the Crown of Great Britain that is owing from his subjects born within the realm, and all due subordination to that august body, the Parliament of Great Britain." This statement can be used as a summation of the entire document that the Stamp Act Congress had initiated. The statement depicts the colonists has having to be submissive and servile in the view of Great Britain, this policy angered the colonists very much, and was another component of the transition of the colonists' rights and liberties. When the Declatory Act was passed in March of 1766, many colonies were attempting to claim that they were "seceding" from England. "Whereas several of the houses of representatives in his Majesty's colonies and plantations in America, have of late, against law, or to the general assemblies of the same, the sole and exclusive right of imposing duties and taxes upon his Majesty's subjects in the said colonies....be it declared ...., that the said colonies and plantations in America, have been, are, and of right ought to be, subordinate unto, and dependent upon the imperial Crown and Parliament of Great Britain;". The Parliament of course denounced the attempt at independance and still dogmatilcally passed the following law to show that the colonists were still british subjects. Again, the colonists were infuriated and later will resist the british imperialism on the colonies. "All before, are calculated to regulate trade, and preserve prpromote a mutually beneficial intercourse between the several constituent parts of the

The Same Sexe Mariage

The aim of this article is to have a big picture of the debating on the same sex marriage and the adoption of children by same sex-couples. In fact, this question makes a real society debate in France. Nowadays, many people think that the same- sex marriage is a good evolution of mentalities, and a big step in the French culture. Indeed, the marriage for everyone is an achievement to equality and human rights. We emphasize that the marriage cannot be denied for two people who love each other. It should therefore not forget that marriage is merely a contract established by two people.And the situation in which the government is paradoxical because we should not forget that marriage for all concerns only a few thousand people in France. It is a minority. The fact that a family will be unbalanced if there are two fathers or two mothers is really unfounded. Because in some situations, two fathers or two mothers best educate children than a classic couple. And it is quite possible that tw o gay parents are divided the roles in the education of a child. Finally on this point, if this problem is a religious problem. It must not be forgotten that the state is completely independent of the church.So It has nothing to say about what the state should do. To conclude, I think marriage for all Is a good thing because It shows that the society is able to evolve In the right direction. And this would Increase the gap between church and state, which would be beneficial for everyone. Because the church can get ideas to those who believe In It. But shall In no case be put his own choice before everyone. Because for most people, the choices that the church Is Just incomprehensible. By cons, It must be noted that the case of adoption for all Is still a thing that will take time to be accepted, because It creates more problems.

Christopher Columbus The Oldest Of Two Siblings

Christoforo Colombo, also known as Christopher Columbus, was born in the Republic of Genoa (Italy) at 1451. Christopher Columbus was the oldest of two siblings. He came from a very poor background, thus giving him very little education. He learned to read and write only as an adult. The city of Genoa was a seaport, so there were many sailors. Columbus’ family was very poor but it still didn’t stop Columbus from setting his dreams on sailing. Columbus started his career with fishing trips and eventually worked up to sailing with trading merchants. He was later infatuated with ocean geography and studied while he was sailing. By the time he was in his twenties, he traveled out of the Mediterranean Sea into the Atlantic Ocean. Traveling to the Atlantic Ocean in 1476 nearly costed him his life. As the commercial fleet he was sailing with was attacked by French privateers off the coast of Portugal. His ship was burned and Columbus was forced to swim down to Lisbon, Portugal, and eventually married Felipa Perestrello. Together, they had one son in 1840 named Diego. His wife unfortunately died and he moved to Spain. He eventually got remarried to Beatriz Enriquez de Arana and had a son named Fernando. Back in the days, the only way to trade was by caravan (transporting goods over mountains and deserts.) It was a hard task and very time consuming. Christopher Columbus wanted to discover a new passage, so he sailed to the west to reach the east. His goal was to reach China,Show MoreRelatedUnity in Diversity4053 Words   |  17 Pageshumankind. Humans are intensely social beings and thus have a great need for affiliation with other humans. It is easiest to trust and feel safe among like minded people. So many people turn to siblings or other family members to achieve that need for affiliation. 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